E |
| Ecological Risk Assessment | The application of a formal framework, analytical process, or model to estimate the effects of human actions(s) on a natural resource and to interpret the significance of those effects in light of the uncertainties identified in each component of the assessment process. Such analysis includes initial hazard identification, exposure and dose-response assessments, and risk characterization. |
| Ecology | The relationship of living things to one another and their environment, or the study of such relationships. |
| Ecosystem | The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings. |
| EDL | Électricité du Laos. |
| Elasticity of Demand, Price | The price elasticity in demand is defined as the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price. Since the demand curve is normally downward sloping, the price elasticity of demand is usually a negative number … Minus one is usually taken as a critical cut-off point with lower values (that is less than one) being inelastic and higher values (that is greater than one) being elastic. If demand is inelastic a price increase will increase total revenues while if demand is elastic, a price increase will decrease revenues. |
| Emission and exposure control | Technical and administrative procedures and specifications applied for the monitoring, reduction or elimination of emissions from a source or exposure to a target. |
| Environment | The sum of all external conditions affecting the life, development and survival of an organism. |
| Environmental Assessment | An environmental analysis prepared pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act to determine whether a federal action would significantly affect the environment and thus require a more detailed environmental impact statement. |
| Environmental data | Any parameters or pieces of information collected or produced from measurements, analyses, or models of environmental processes, conditions, and effects of pollutants on human health and the environment, including results from laboratory analyses or from experimental systems representing such processes and conditions. |
| Environmental Fate | The destiny of a chemical or biological pollutant after release into the environment. |
| Environmental Fate Data | Data that characterize a pesticide's fate in the ecosystem, considering factors that foster its degradation (light, water, microbes), pathways and resultant products. |
| Environmental monitoring | The process of measuring or collecting environmental data. |
| Environmental Samples | Samples of naturally occurring matrices such as soil, sediment, ground water, surface water and air. |
| Environmental Site Assessment | The process of determining whether contamination is present on a parcel of real property. |
| Environmental/Ecological Risk | The potential for adverse effects on living organisms associated with pollution of the environment by effluents, emissions, wastes, or accidental chemical releases; energy use; or the depletion of natural resources. |
| EPA | United States Environmental Protection Agency. |
| Estimated exposure concentration (EEC) | Measured or calculated amount or mass concentration of a substance to which an organism is likely to be exposed, considering exposure by all sources and routes. |
| Estimated exposure dose (EED) | Measured or calculated dose of a substance to which an organism is likely to be exposed, considering exposure by all sources and routes. |
| Ethical Considerations | Factors related to the multiple values and principles that may be of concern in decisions regarding risks to health. |
| Evaluation | A systematic and objective assessment of the design, implementation and outcome of an on-going or completed intervention. The two main purposes of evaluation are i) to improve future aid policy and interventions through feedback of lessons learned, and ii) to provide a basis for accountability, including the provision of information to the public. |
| Exposure | The amount of radiation or pollutant present in a given environment that represents a potential health threat to living organisms. |
| Exposure Assessment | Identifying the pathways by which toxicants may reach individuals, estimating how much of a chemical an individual is likely to be exposed to, and estimating the number likely to be exposed. |
| Exposure Pathway | The path from sources of pollutants via, soil, water, or food to man and other species or settings. |
| Exposure Route | The way a chemical or pollutant enters an organism after contact; i.e. by ingestion, inhalation, or dermal absorption. |
| Exposure scenario | A set of facts assumptions, and inferences about how exposure takes place that aids the exposure assessor in evaluating, estimating, or quantifying exposures. |
| Exposure-Response Relationship | The relationship between exposure level and the incidence of adverse effects. |
